Impact of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in IL-4, IL-4R Genes and Systemic Concentration of IL-4 on the Incidence of Glioma in Iraqi Patients |
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حيدر أحمد شمران |
Authors : Haidar A. Shamran1, 6, Subah J. Hamza2, Nahi Y. Yaseen3, Ahmad A. Al-Juboory4, Dennis D Taub5, Robert
L. Price6, Mitzi Nagarkatti6, Prakash S. Nagarkatti6, Udai P. Singh6 |
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and believed to be one of the most aggressive tumors of the central
nervous system (CNS) in humans. Very little information is available on the etiology and pathogenesis
of these tumors to date. A significant gap remains in our current understanding of the
molecular pathways involved in the genesis, progression and clinical behavior of these tumors.
Recently, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in cytokine gene
sequences, particularly within the promoter region of these genes, and have been shown to be
associated with the development of different types of brain tumors. The present study investigates
the association of C-33T SNP in the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene with systemic IL-4 level and the
S503P SNP in the IL-4R gene with the incidence of glioma.
Blood samples were collected from 100 histologically confirmed adult patients with glioma, and 30
apparently healthy individuals from the same area. DNA was extracted from each blood sample,
and the IL-4 and IL-4R genes were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with
gene-specific primers. Systemic IL-4 concentration was assessed in serum samples from each
participant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We observed a negative association
between the homozygous genotype (CC) of the SNP C-33T of the IL-4 gene with the incidence of
glioma (OR=0.19, 95% CI=0.035-1.02), while the T allele of the SNP demonstrated a significant
protective association against glioma. Similarly, the heterozygous (CT) and homozygous mutant
(CC) of the SNP S503P of the IL-4R gene demonstrated a significant association with glioma development
(OR=0.405, 95% CI=0.17-0.969 and OR=0.147, 95% CI=0.036-0.6 respectively), while
the C allele exhibited a highly significant association with protection from glioma formation.
These findings suggest that the T allele of the SNP C-33T in the IL-4 gene and the C allele of the
SNP S503P in IL-4R may have a protective role against glioma development.
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2014-10-10
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