Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) considered as a prostate cancer biomarker. However, limited sensitivity and
specificity, leading to unnecessary biopsies, over diagnosis and overtreatment of patients. Urine Annexin A3 is a potential protein biomarker that can be measured in a non-invasive way for prostate cancer to facilitate PCa diagnosis. Aims of the study: To evaluate the urinary Annexin A3 (ANXA3) test as a potential new additional biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A case-control study comprising 54 patients over 50 years old age with Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia who were recruited from Iraqi urological clinics unit and AL- Amal National Hospital for Cancer Management during the period from July 2018 to March 2019. Blood and urine specimens from these patients were collected before obtaining a prostatic biopsy. Serum PSA, fPSA%, Annexin A3and Urine Annexin A3 levels were quantified by ELISA technique. Urine Annexin A3 levels were normalized by both urinary normalization factors specific gravity and creatinine. Results: There was a highly significant difference (P< 0.001) in serum and urine Annexin A3 levels among all the study groups. The cut- off values of serum and urine Annexin A3 based on the ROC curve results in current study were ≤ 23.9 ng/ml and ≤19.8 ng/ml respectively in Prostate cancer patients, while their values range between 23.9 - 29.66 ng/ml and 19.8 - 26.8 ng/ml respectively in BPH patients, and >29.66 ng/ml and >26.8 ng/ml respectively for apparently healthy men in a sample of Iraqi patients. A highly significant positive correlation was found between S. ANX3 and U. ANX3 (P=0.000, r = 0.908) in Prostate Cancer group,( P = 0.000, r = 0.662 ) in BPH group and (P = 0.000,r = 0.690)in control group respectively. Urinary specific gravity consistently performed as the best or nearly the best adjustment method relative to urinary creatinine for the urinary levels of Annexin A3 normalization based on the ROC curve comparison results. Conclusions: Annexin A3 has an inverse relationship with Prostate Cancer, Annexin A3 quantification in serum and urine provides a new, noninvasive PCa biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity.
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29-10-2019
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