Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease caused by many factors includes: hormonal disturbance,
increase sebum production and inflammatory skin due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). So, there is an urgent need for bacteriophages (Elixir of life) as
an alternative strategy to reduce the overuse of antibiotics and combat MDR bacterial pathogens.
Objective To develop a bacteriophage cocktail specific for MDR S. aureus bacteria and investigates its efficacy
via in vitro validation tests and in vivo topical applied on human skin acne lesions caused by MDR
bacterial infections.
Methods Twenty-three bacteriological isolates of S. aureus were collected from patients at 20-40 years old
with acne lesions that admitted to Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Then, identified
and susceptibility tests performed via VITEK2 system. Bacteriophages were isolated from sewage
water, then bacteriophages cocktail prepared and determined their lytic activity via in vitro
validation tests and investigate their clinical efficacy on the skin of human with acne lesions caused
by MDR S. aureus bacteria.
Results The bacteriophage cocktail therapy with high antibacterial lytic activity via in vitro validation tests
proved excellent effectiveness in treating patients from MDR S. aureus acne vulgaris via clinical
improvement in size, number, inflammatory signs of acne lesions, and decolonization of MDR S.
aureus bacteria in treated lesions as compared with untreated, control lesions.
Conclusion Bacteriophage cocktail specific for S. aureus bacteria can be prepared in laboratory with simple
measures, and safe without any side effect on human patients whom topically applied it.
Keywords Bacteriophage, cocktail, MDR, S. aureus bacteria, clinical investigate
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2023
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