Background: Obesity is a common disease around the world and is considered a risk factor for
developing type 2 diabetes, which is characterized by the body’s lack of response to the insulin
produced, which leads to high blood sugar levels. Thyroid hormones also affect metabolic processes in
the body and may play a role in causing obesity. This study is concerned with knowing the levels of
thyroid hormones and adipocytokine levels and the relationship between them, to find out the causes of
obesity and diabetes, or to identify risk factors for the purpose of developing solutions for them and
eliminating complications and future problems caused by both diabetes and obesity.
Aims of the study: The relationship between thyroid hormones and adipocytokine levels and their
effect on obesity and diabetes in men.
Methodology: A study using a case-control design. The study comprised a sample of 100 men who
were obese and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, alongside a control group of 50 men who were in good
health. From October 10, 2023 to October 1, 2024, data was gathered from patients at Al-Habbobi
Teaching Hospital, including their age, weight, and height. Fasting blood sugar was quantified using a
spectrophotometer, HbA1c levels were measured using the AVIAS-6 device, and adipocytokines were
assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of C-peptide and thyroid hormones
were measured using COBAS.
Results: The results showed that there is no statistical significance in age between the two groups.
There is also a statistical significance in the body mass index between the two groups. The results
showed that the levels of leptin, resistin, and adiponectin showed a significant decrease in the obese
group compared to the control group. FT4 levels also showed a significant decrease in the patient group
compared to the control group. The levels of TSH and Free T3 were significant increase in obese
group. Regarding cholesterol, HDL, and LDL, there are no statistical differences between the two
groups. As for Triglyceride-VLDL, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, and C-peptide, the results showed a
significant increase in the obese group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Adipocytokine levels showed a significant decrease in the obese diabetic group, and this
indicates its role in controlling sugar levels and insulin sensitivity. As for thyroid hormones, the results
showed a significant decrease in thyroxine levels. This indicates the effect of adipocytokin on thyroxine
levels and that the relationship between them has an effective role in controlling obesity and diabetes.
Keywords: Adipocytokines, obesity, biomarkers, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism
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2024
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