Abstract:
BACKGROUND: B‑chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a monoclonal malignancy characterized
by an accumulation of small mature‑looking B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and other
tissues. It is typically characterized by CD5+, CD23+, CD22−, and CD79b−, with weak expression
of surface immunoglobulin (Ig).
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the expression of IgM and IgD heavy chain by
flow cytometry in untreated newly diagnosed B‑cell CLL and correlate the heavy chain isotopes
expression with CD38 expression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cross‑sectional study was conducted on thirty patients
with new diagnosis of B‑CLL. The study was conducted at nursing home teaching laboratory in
medical city hospital in Baghdad for the period from November 2016 to March 2017. Five milliliter of
venous blood in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was collected from thirty patients for detection of
expression of IgM, IgD, and CD38 by flow cytometry. The patients were randomly selected regarding
the age, sex, and stage of the disease.
RESULTS: The mean age of all included patients was (61.73 ± 6.92) with more disease predominant
in male than female. The most common presenting feature of the patients was lymphadenopathy
found in 16 patients (43%). Regarding staging system, six (20%) patients were in with Binet Stage C
and five patients (17%) were in modified Rai Stage 4. CD38 and IgM expression showed a significant
relation to hemoglobin and platelets (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between
IgM and CD38 while it was negative between IgD and CD38.
CONCLUSIONS: The current study showed that the expression of CD38 had a significant correlation
with IgM expression as well as there was positive correlation with the stage of the disease which
may point out to inferior prognosis for those patients with CLL.
Keywords:
CD38, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, immunoglobulin heavy chains
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2017
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