Background: Laryngeal lesions can create lot of mental and emotional tension in the patient and the family. Early diagnosis of the lesions can lead to effective management and good recovery. Histologically it is divided to benign, borderline and malignant, most common benign lesion isvocal cord nodule and most common malignant laryngeal lesion is squamous cell carcinoma. Objective: This study aims to assess the types of laryngeal lesions in a sample of Iraqi patient in correlation with clinicopathological parameters (age, sex, smoking history, lesion site , clinical presentation, grade of malignant lesions, pathological stage and lymph node status). Methods: A retrospective study of 83 randomly selected patients have laryngeal lesions collected from Teaching Laboratories of Ghazi Al-Harriri teaching hospital, from March 2018 to January 2023. Results: Laryngeal lesions found to be more frequent in male (78. 3%), the age group (51-60) years more than other age groups, benign lesions count (44.6%), borderline lesions (8.2%), malignant lesions (47.0%), hoarseness of voice was the common clinical presentation in all types of laryngeal lesions. Most patient with benign and borderline lesions were nonsmokers (63.9%) and (50%) respectively, while most patients with malignancy were smokers (65%). vocal cord nodule is the most common benign lesions (62.6%), moderate dysplasia is the most common dysplastic changes (57.1%) and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common laryngeal cancer(97.4%). Conclusion: Vocal cord nodule is the most common benign laryngeal lesions; squamous cell carcinoma isthe most common malignant laryngeal lesions. Age and smoking is the main risk factors for malignant transformation of laryngeal lesions.
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2024
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