On Thursday, August 29, 2024, the master's thesis defense of (Zainab Muthaffar Ali) from the Department of Pharmacology was completed. Her thesis was titled:
**"Anti-Angiogenic Activity of 4-Chloro Phenyl Carbothioamide Derivatives in Ex Vivo, In Vivo, and In Vitro Animal Study"**
This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-angiogenic activity of **2-(5-Bromo-1H-indole-2-carbonyl)-N-phenyl hydrazine-1-carbothioamide** (2-NPHC) and **2-(5-Bromo-1H-indole-2-carbonyl)-N-(4-chlorophenyl) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide** (2-NHC) using ex vivo, in vivo, and in vitro assays followed by evaluating VEGF gene expression in the HCT116 colon cancer cell line.
The study demonstrated that the tested compounds exhibited significant anti-angiogenic activity (P <0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in the rat aortic ring assay and caused significant vascular disruption in the CAM assay. These agents statistically reduced DPPH free radicals (P <0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner. The evaluation of VEGF gene expression in the colon cancer cell line showed a decrease in the target gene expression compared to the control cells, which exhibited sustained VEGF expression, and the results were consistent with those obtained from ex vivo and in vivo assays.
This study showed that these compounds significantly inhibit the process of angiogenesis, either directly by inhibiting the release or activity of VEGF or indirectly through their antioxidant properties, and could be promising anti-angiogenic agents.
The defense committee consisted of:
- Prof. Dr. Ahmed Rahma Ali (Chair)
- Prof. Dr. Mohammed Imran Hamza (Member)
- Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abdul Muttalib (Member)
- Prof. Dr. Haitham Mahmoud Kadhim (Member and Supervisor)
The thesis was successfully accepted with an Excellent grade. 
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